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The Battle of Quifangondo occurred on 10 November 1975, the day before the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) declared Angola's independence from Portugal. It can be considered as the decisive battle in the Angolan decolonisation conflict 1974/75〔 Franz-Wilhelm Heimer, ''The decolonization process in Angola'', Geneva: Institut de Hautes Études Internationales, 1979) 〕 and as the first battle in the Angolan Civil War (1975–2002). ==Background== The MPLA under Agostinho Neto had gained control of the Angolan capital Luanda while the two rival liberation movements, the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) and the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), fought for a foothold in the capital themselves before independence could be declared. The FNLA-force under Holden Roberto was made up of 1,000 fighters, 120 mostly white Portuguese Angolan soldiers under the command of Colonel Santos e Castro, two Zairian Army battalions led by the 7th Battalion's commander Colonel Mamina Lama〔(DE LA FORCE PUBLIQUE AUX FARDC : ANATOMIE D’UNE ARMEE VIRTUELLE INTRAVERTIE ET PERVERTIE ) Jean Jacques WONDO OMANYUNDU 〕 and about 50 South African troops under the command of Brigadier General Ben Roos. Attacking from north-eastern Angola, the FNLA defeated the MPLA at Porto Quipiri before marching to Quifangondo on their way to Luanda. South African forces had entered Angola from Southwest Africa, occupied all of southern Angola and handed it over to UNITA. By 10 November they had come within a few hundred km of the capital. Less than 24 hours before independence, Roberto, ignoring advice that a frontal assault would not work, decided to launch an attack against Luanda.〔 The city's defences were put up around the strategically located village of Quifangondo, about 10 km to the east of Luanda. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battle of Quifangondo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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